Today we will know what is diabetes, the history of diabetes, causes, types, symptoms, problems, Prevention of Diabetes, history of insulin.
What is Diabetes?
We all know the names of some well-known diseases, diabetes is one of them. It can be seen that many of our family members are also affected by this disease. The American Diabetes Association says that diabetes is a disease that can never be cured. But this disease can be easily controlled.
When the pancreas cannot produce insulin or the body cannot use the insulin produced, there is no balance of sugar in the blood. The disease that results from this is called diabetes, diabetes mellitus. This disease is mainly due to a lack of insulin.
About 3.6 million people in the UK are diagnosed with diabetes, which is about 6 out of every 100 people. If those who have not yet been diagnosed with the disease and do not know that they have diabetes are included, the number will rise to more than 4 million.
Source: knowdiabetes
Types of Diabetes:
Type-1
Type-1 diabetes is more common in children and young people. Occurs in 10-30 years. Insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas of type-1 diabetes patients are destroyed. This is why their body produces very little insulin. For this, the patient has to take an insulin injection or insulin pump to survive. It is mainly due to genetics.
Type-1-A
Type-1-A diabetes is caused by the destruction of beta cells for autoimmunity.
Type-1-B
Type-1-B is also caused by beta cell destruction, but the exact cause is not known
Type-2
Type-2 diabetes occurs 40 years or later. Such patients cannot use the insulin that is produced in the body. This is dealt with first with the help of exercise and diet. However, many times oral medications are needed, even insulin injections. Sweet and sugary drinks increase the risk of type-2 diabetes.
Eating too much white rice also increases the risk of diabetes. Not doing physical work is also one of the causes of type-2 diabetes. More than 90 percent of the 246 million diabetics worldwide have type 2 diabetes. Both types of diabetes are serious and can affect children and young people.
Source: Wikipedia
Gestational diabetes is seen in pregnant women, where the placental hormone causes insulin levels to reach levels that the body cannot use effectively. Source: bumrungrad
According to World Health Organisation (WHO), diabetes will be the seventh leading cause of death in 2030
Symptoms of Diabetes:
According to the American Diabetes Association, some of the most common symptoms of diabetes are symptoms that need to be addressed immediately.
- Frequent urination and thirst
- Feeling weak, feeling very tired, feeling very tired
- The increased appetite (even after regular meals)
- Increased attraction to sweet things
- Losing a lot of weight for no reason
- Cuts, bruises, or wounds on different parts of the body do not heal easily
- Annoyance and irritable mood
- Begin to see less in the eyes
- If the patient does not take proper measures to control diabetes, various physical complications can occur, including problems with his blood vessels, nerves, kidneys, eyes, and heart.
Diabetes Problem / Complications:
If diabetes is undiagnosed or untreated for a long time, kidney, liver, eye, blood vessel, nerve, and heart problems, including accidental amputation, are physically damaged. With that, the skin of the body gets damaged and the hair falls out. Other parts of the body can also be damaged.
Image From: hesperian.org
The number of people with diabetes has risen from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014
Prevention of Diabetes
- Take homeopathic treatment
- Insulin
- Antidiabetic medicine (oral medicine)
- Lifestyle changes:
- Exercise regularly
- Walk one hour every day
- Do more physical work
- More awareness in food intake
- Avoid sweets
- Avoid refined sugar
- Avoid smoking
- Get the patient's necessary ideas about diabetes.
- Keep blood pressure under control
Discovery of insulin
The discovery of insulin and its role in diabetes was a groundbreaking treatment to the extent that several scientific teams received the Nobel Prize. In their study, Oscar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering found that dogs whose pancreas was removed had diabetes.
Frederick Banting and Charles Best explain the study, which saves diabetic dogs with pancreatic extract in saline solution, and finally collects insulin from the pancreas of calves and purifies it for human use. .
In January 1922, Leonard Thompson, a 14-year-old man with a diabetic condition, was diagnosed with a serious condition. Within 24 hours of receiving the first dose of refined insulin, his blood sugar dropped to 520 mg / dl and then to 120 mg / dl. Visually, his condition improved, he continued to receive insulin and survived. Surviving Leonard Thompson's death for insulin is a beacon of hope for all diabetics around the world.
Since 1982, insulin production has no longer had to depend on animals. The advancement of genetic engineering has enabled the production of human insulin from bacteria. Insulin pens were discovered in 1985, essential improvements in effectiveness, benefits, and ultimate guarantees of life for diabetics.
By 1997, old insulin discoveries changed according to the human body. It has further improved their quality of life by making it suitable for diabetics and their families to take insulin according to their own daily schedules and activities. In fact, insulin has come to its present state after a 100-year long journey.
Insulin History References: bumrungrad
Declaration No. 71/225 of the United Nations General Assembly on December 20, 2006 described diabetes as a long-term, degenerative and costly disorder that can cause serious complications in the human body. Source: Wikipedia
